What is an arthrogram?

An arthrogram is a medical imaging procedure that uses a contrast dye to provide detailed X-ray images of a joint. The term "arthrogram" is derived from the Greek words "arthron," meaning joint, and "gramma," meaning writing or record.

During an arthrogram, a contrast agent, which can be iodine-based or gadolinium-based, is injected into the affected joint space. As the contrast dye fills the joint, it highlights the joint structures, including the joint surfaces, ligaments, and tendons. This allows for visualization of abnormalities or injuries within the joint.

Arthrograms are typically performed to diagnose joint problems such as:

Joint injuries: Arthrograms can help detect tears or injuries to ligaments, tendons, or cartilage within the joint.

Joint inflammation: Arthrograms can help identify inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, where swelling and inflammation can be seen.

Joint infections: Arthrograms can help detect joint infections, as the contrast dye can reveal abnormal fluid collections or joint damage.

Loose bodies: Arthrograms can help identify loose fragments of bone or cartilage within the joint, known as loose bodies.

The procedure is usually performed on an outpatient basis, and the injection is typically given using local anesthesia to minimize discomfort. Arthrograms are often combined with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide more comprehensive images of the joint.

It's important for individuals undergoing arthrograms to inform their doctor about any allergies to contrast agents or iodine, as alternative contrast agents may need to be used in such cases.