What is empyema?

Empyema is a buildup of pus in the pleural space, the area between the lungs and the chest wall. It is a serious medical condition that requires prompt treatment to prevent complications.

Empyema can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

* Bacterial infections: Bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Haemophilus influenzae, can cause empyema.

* Viral infections: Viruses, such as influenza and adenovirus, can also cause empyema.

* Lung abscess: A lung abscess is a collection of pus in the lungs. It can rupture and spread pus into the pleural space, causing empyema.

* Trauma: Trauma to the chest, such as a gunshot wound or stab wound, can also cause empyema.

Symptoms of empyema may include:

* Fever

* Chills

* Cough

* Shortness of breath

* Chest pain

* Pleuritic pain: Pain that is sharp and stabbing, and that worsens with coughing or deep breathing

* Fatigue

* Weight loss

If you have any of these symptoms, it is important to see your doctor right away. Empyema can be a serious medical condition, but it can be treated successfully if it is caught early.

Treatment for empyema typically involves antibiotics, drainage of the pus from the pleural space, and supportive care. Antibiotics are used to kill the bacteria or viruses that are causing the infection. Drainage of the pus is done using a chest tube, which is a thin tube that is inserted into the pleural space. Supportive care may include pain relievers, oxygen therapy, and nutritional support.

In some cases, surgery may be necessary to treat empyema. Surgery may be needed to remove the infected tissue, repair the damaged lung, or place a permanent drainage tube in the pleural space.

Empyema is a serious medical condition, but it can be treated successfully if it is caught early. If you have any of the symptoms of empyema, it is important to see your doctor right away.