How are the lungs protected from sudden blows?

The lungs are protected from sudden blows by the following mechanisms:

1. Rib cage: The rib cage is a bony structure that encloses the lungs. It provides a strong and rigid framework that protects the lungs from external impacts. The ribs are connected to each other by ligaments and muscles, which help to absorb and distribute the force of a blow.

2. Intercostal muscles: The intercostal muscles are muscles located between the ribs. These muscles help to move the ribs during breathing. They also act as a protective layer, absorbing and dissipating the force of a blow.

3. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the bottom of the rib cage. It separates the thoracic cavity, which contains the lungs, from the abdominal cavity. The diaphragm helps to protect the lungs by contracting and creating a barrier against sudden blows.

4. Pleural fluid: The pleural cavity is the space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is filled with a thin layer of fluid called pleural fluid. This fluid helps to lubricate the lungs and reduce friction during breathing. It also acts as a cushion, absorbing and dissipating the force of a blow.

5. Cough reflex: The cough reflex is a protective mechanism that helps to clear the airways of irritants and foreign objects. It is triggered by the stimulation of receptors in the lungs and airways. When a sudden blow is received, the cough reflex can be triggered, causing the lungs to expel air forcefully and potentially clearing any debris or irritants that may have entered the airways.