What happens when we cough?

Coughing is a natural reflex that serves as a protective mechanism for our respiratory system. Here's what generally happens when we cough:

1. Irritation Detection:

- Nerves in our respiratory tract can sense irritants or excessive mucus, leading to a coughing response. Coughing is initiated to remove these irritations.

2. Deep Inhalation:

- Before coughing, we take a deep breath to provide the necessary energy and lung expansion. This inhalation helps prepare the body for the forceful expulsion of air.

3. Closure of Airways:

- The vocal cords temporarily close, temporarily blocking the flow of air out of the lungs.

4. Increased Intrathoracic Pressure:

- The pressure within the chest and lungs builds up to a sufficient level. The muscles involved in coughing, such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, contract forcefully.

5. Expulsion of Air and Secretions:

- Once the intrathoracic pressure is high enough, the vocal cords suddenly open.

- The pressurized air rushes out of the lungs and respiratory passages, carrying any mucus or foreign particles along with it.

6. Expectoration:

- Coughing can help expel the dislodged secretions, such as mucus or foreign objects, from the respiratory tract.

- If the irritant is successfully removed, the coughing reflex subsides.

7. Completion of Cough:

- The airways can resume normal breathing patterns once the irritant has been expelled or eliminated.

Coughing helps keep our airways clear, prevents infections, and protects our lungs from unwanted particles. However, frequent or intense coughing can sometimes be a symptom of underlying medical conditions and should be addressed with a healthcare professional, especially if it persists or is accompanied by additional symptoms.