What is the difference between amount of air you normally inhale and with maximum effect?

Tidal Volume (TV): This refers to the amount of air that is normally inhaled and exhaled during quiet breathing. It typically ranges from 500 to 800 milliliters (mL) in healthy adults.

Vital Capacity (VC): Vital capacity represents the maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a maximal inhalation. It includes both the tidal volume and the additional volume that can be exhaled beyond normal breathing. Vital capacity is influenced by factors such as lung size, respiratory muscle strength, and chest wall flexibility. In healthy individuals, VC can vary greatly, ranging from 3,500 to 5,000 mL.

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): This is the additional volume of air that can be inhaled beyond the tidal volume. It represents the amount of air that can be taken in beyond normal breathing and is often utilized during deep breaths. IRV typically ranges between 3,000 and 3,500 mL.

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): ERV refers to the additional volume of air that can be exhaled beyond the tidal volume. It represents the amount of air that can be expelled after normal exhalation and is often used to control the depth and rate of breathing. ERV typically ranges between 1,000 and 1,200 mL.

Residual Volume (RV): This is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. It cannot be voluntarily expelled, and its presence is essential to prevent lung collapse. RV typically ranges from 1,000 to 1,200 mL.

Total Lung Capacity (TLC): TLC represents the combination of all lung volumes and refers to the total amount of air the lungs can hold after a maximal inspiration. It is the sum of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, vital capacity, and residual volume. TLC typically ranges from 5,000 to 6,000 mL in healthy adults.