Risks of Using Tea Tree Oil

The main source of tea tree essential oil comes from species M.alternifolia, native to coastal areas of Australia. Although called a tree, this species is an evergreen shrub with needle-like leaves. Oil extracted from the leaves is a natural antiseptic for wounds and skin conditions. Over 100 natural chemicals exist in the oil and its uses as an antibacterial agent prove successful, according to The Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, but may pose risks when not used in accordance with instructions.

Topical

• Serious allergic reactions to tea tree oil are rare but mild reactions include dry skin and a stinging or burning feeling that may occur at the site of application. Notify your doctor if you experience any serious side effects, including rash, itching, swelling, dizziness or if you have trouble breathing. Do not apply tea tree oil to eyes or in ears, unless directed to do so by your doctor. Pure tea tree oil is toxic when taken orally.

Cosmetics

• Tea tree oil used in cosmetics is typically undiluted and highly concentrated. The International Fragrance Association ruled highly concentrated tea tree oil is harmful when swallowed, irritating to skin and may cause lung damage if swallowed. The Federal Institute for Risk Assessment states tea tree oil is a pure, natural product when in the presence of oxygen. When exposed to light and higher temperatures, oxidation occurs, leading to the formation of peroxides, epoxides and endoperoxides that may trigger allergic skin reactions in some people. The BfR recommends that cosmetics should not contain more than 1 percent tea tree oil in order to minimize adverse reactions.

Pregnant or Nursing Mothers

• When ingested, tea tree oil can cause permanent damage to pregnant women and their unborn children. Be sure to store tea tree oil where children cannot reach it. Most side effects are due to misuse of the product. If you are pregnant or nursing, do not use tea tree oil; otherwise, have your doctor perform an allergy test for the oil prior to using the product.

Pets

• Many companies sell tea tree shampoos and sprays for pets that claim to rid pets of lice, fleas, mites and ticks. Use all products according to directions. Diluting pure tea tree oil in a spray bottle with water often proves successful against the same pests. When spraying your pet's fur, make sure your pets do not lick themselves or each other until their fur is completely dry.