Description of False Unicorn Root

The false unicorn plant, also known as helonias, is an herb that grows in typically moist, humid climates of the eastern United States, from Florida to further north in the Appalachians. The false unicorn root, known for its medicinal properties, is used by herbalists as a tonic for the female reproductive system, a diuretic, in the treatment of parasitic worms and to aid in vomiting.

History and Traditional Uses

• False unicorn root was traditionally used by Native Americans in much the same way as it is used today, to normalize women's reproductive systems. This early use of false unicorn root is notable due to the chemical substance contained within the root, the steroidal saponins, which were precursors to estrogen. The United States National Formulary listed false unicorn root as a uterine tonic from 1916 to 1947.

Medicinal Purposes

• False unicorn root has many medicinal uses, as in the treatment of venereal diseases such as gonorrhea, and bad breath associated with the common sore throat. However, it is most often used in the aid and normalization of the female reproductive system. Hormonal imbalance, miscarriage, painful menstruation, morning sickness, pelvic inflammation, and ovarian cysts have all been treated using false unicorn root.

Potential Side Effects

• To date, there has been no modern research into the medical application of false unicorn root. Despite the root's copious medicinal benefits, there are still several unpleasant side effects that can be caused by its use, including irritability and feelings of despondency. Large doses can cause cardiac poisoning, but cases are rare. There is debate over whether false unicorn root should be taken by pregnant women because it can cause nausea and vomiting.

Physical Properties

• The flower of the false unicorn plant has a history of being used medicinally, but is now just ornamental. It is rarely cultivated and can be found in the wild in moist, humid climates. Plants mature after seven years in the wild and are easy to spot, with long, curving stalks that grow 12 to 40 inches in length and are topped with conical shocks of flowers that range from white to pink to pale purple.

Endangerment

• Over the years, false unicorn has become an endangered plant due to overharvesting for their medicinal purposes and the degradation of their natural wetland habitat. While conservation efforts have been made, false unicorn cultivated in nurseries and in ground cover does not grow as well as it does in the wild.