Supplements Tailored to Bone & Joint Health

The role of supplements in the treatment of bone and joint conditions such as osteoarthritis has been a topic of controversy for more than two decades now. While the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has yet to approve these alternative medications, store shelves are brimming with products claiming to promote good bone and joint health. Clinical studies, however, don't always support those claims.

Glucosamine

• Glucosamine is a naturally occurring substance in the body that helps to build cartilage and the connective tissue around joints. It also heightens the production of cartilage components called glycosaminoglycans, and improves the utilization of sulfur, a key component in building healthy cartilage.

  Research examining the efficacy of glucosamine in the treatment of osteoarthritis indicates that it may slow the progress of the disease. Some research, however, shows no significant benefit. Some glucosamine supplements being marketed contain the ingredient chondroitin, which is also used in the treatment of joint and bone conditions.

Chondroitin

• A main component of cartilage, chondroitin is a naturally occurring molecule in the body. The role of this molecule is to assist in the absorption of fluid into connective tissue that provides a cushion for joints. It can also prevent enzymes from causing cartilage deterioration while contributing to the production of new cartilage.

  Several clinical studies indicate that chondroitin supplements might have a positive effect on the treatment of osteoarthritis. Some studies have even suggested that it can reduce the level of associated pain, as well. Many joint and bone health supplements pair it with glucosamine.

MSM

• Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a sulfur, a mineral that is naturally occurring in the earth's environment. When in supplement form, sulfur typically is available as MSM or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), about 15 percent of which is broken down by the body into MSM. MSM supports the formation of connective tissue. MSM has been shown to have some promise in reducing pain in sufferers of joint and bone conditions by slowing nerve impulses.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

• Omega-3 fatty acids are found in fish and seafood. Long thought to be an effective treatment for a myriad of diseases, including those of the joints and bones, omega-3s have been given FDA approval in the treatment of high triglyceride levels only. Studies are still being conducted to support claims that omega-3 supplementation promotes healthy joints and bones. People with seafood allergies should not use omega-3 supplements.

Oral Hyaluronic Acid

• Hyaluronic acid is found in the synovial fluid, which lubricates some joints. It is often given via injection to sufferers of osteoarthritis. Lately, some manufacturers have been marketing oral hyaluronic acid to consumers. Clinical studies, however, have yet to demonstrate any firm evidence that hyaluronic acid in oral form provides any benefit for conditions of the joints and bones.

Shark Cartilage

• Shark cartilage is marketed as a supplement to treat cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. There is no evidence, however, that shark cartilage supplements provide any benefit for any of these conditions. There also are no reputable studies revealing possible side effects, so use of these products should be undertaken with caution.