Plant-Based Hormone Replacement Therapy

Hormone replacement therapy is a treatment used to alleviate the complications associated with menopause in women. Although there are many similarities between plant-based estrogens (called phytoestrogens) and the estrogens used in hormone replacement therapy, there isn't enough known about phytoestrogens to have a completely plant-based hormone replacement therapy, according to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. However, there are a few different types of phytoestrogens which are believed to be helpful in alleviating some symptoms associated with menopause.

Isoflavones

• Isoflavones are a class of phytoestrogens found in some plants, such as soy and chickpeas. According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, the isoflavones in soy-based products has been shown to be especially useful in treating hot flashes associated with menopause. However, there are some concerns over the long-term use of soy. According to the National Institutes of Health, soy has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.

Lignans

• Lignans are another type of phytoestrogen found in some plants. Flaxseeds and flaxseed oil are a popular source of lignans, according to the National Institutes of Health. Like the isoflavones found in soy products, the lignans in flaxseed products appear to reduce the severity and occurrence of hot flashes associated with menopause, according to a study conducted by the Mayo Clinic. However, the study notes that further research is necessary to ensure the safety of flaxseed and other plants containing lignans.

Coumestans

• Coumestans are the third class of phytoestrogens. According to the National Institutes of Health, alfalfa and clover are the primary sources of coumestans. However, there is currently very little scientific data that shows coumestans are beneficial to humans. According to the National Institutes of Health, studies on animals who have had their ovaries removed show that an increase in dietary coumestans appears to help prevent bone loss. Bone loss, or osteoporosis, is one of the serious side effects of menopause.

Other Plants

• The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine suggests several other plants that may help alleviate symptoms associated with menopause. Among these plants are black cohosh, dong quai root, ginseng and kava. Most notable among these is black cohosh, since it has received the most scientific attention. Many women believe that black cohosh or supplements containing black cohosh help reduce night sweats and hot flashes.

Risks

• According to the National Institutes of Health, most of the scientific data concerning phytoestrogens have been found in animal studies. Because of the lack of reliable studies conducted on humans, both the benefits and risks of phytoestrogens remains relatively unknown. Women who chose to take plant-based supplements should always consult with their doctor beforehand to ensure they will not interfere with any medications they are currently taking.