How Eosinophilic Esophagitis Affects Your Body

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the esophagus. It is characterized by an increase in the number of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in the esophageal tissue. EoE can cause a variety of symptoms, including difficulty swallowing, heartburn, chest pain, and nausea. In some cases, it can also lead to esophageal strictures, which are narrowings of the esophagus.

EoE is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain foods, such as milk, wheat, and soy, are common triggers for EoE. Other triggers include allergens, such as pollen and dust mites, and certain medications.

EoE can affect people of all ages, but it is most common in children and young adults. It is estimated that EoE affects approximately 1 in 2,000 people in the United States.

The exact mechanisms by which EoE affects the body are not fully understood. However, it is believed that the inflammation caused by EoE damages the esophageal tissue, leading to the development of symptoms. In some cases, EoE can also lead to the development of esophageal strictures. Esophageal strictures can make it difficult to swallow and can lead to malnutrition.

EoE is typically diagnosed based on the patient's symptoms and the results of an upper endoscopy. An upper endoscopy is a procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a camera on the end is inserted into the esophagus. This allows the doctor to visualize the esophageal tissue and look for any signs of inflammation or strictures.

There are a variety of treatments available for EoE. The most common treatment is dietary modification. This involves avoiding foods that trigger EoE symptoms. Other treatments include medications, such as proton pump inhibitors and steroids, and dilation therapy, which involves stretching the esophageal strictures.

EoE is a chronic condition, but it can be managed with treatment. Most people with EoE are able to live full and active lives.