What are 3 medical achievements of the Inca civilization?

1. Trephination: The Incas performed a surgical procedure called trephination, which involved drilling holes in the skull to relieve pressure from head injuries or infections. This procedure was not only used to treat medical conditions, but also as a form of ritual and religious practice.

2. Cosmetic surgery: The Incas practiced a form of cosmetic surgery called earlobe elongation. This procedure involved stretching and elongating the earlobes by inserting progressively larger spools or plugs. Earlobe elongation was considered a sign of beauty and status, and it was practiced by both men and women.

3. Use of herbal remedies: The Incas had extensive knowledge of herbal remedies, and they used a wide variety of plants to treat various ailments. Some of the plants they used included coca (for treating altitude sickness), quinine (for treating malaria), and willow bark (for treating pain). The Incas also developed a system of medicine based on their knowledge of herbal remedies, and this system was passed down through generations.