What is the cunjunctiva?

The conjunctiva is a thin, transparent membrane lining the eyelid and covering the white part of the eye (the sclera). The part lining the eyelid is called palpebral conjunctiva, and the part covering the white of the eye is called bulbar conjunctiva. The conjunctiva covers the space created when the eyelids are closed, except for the cornea (the clear front part of the eye).

Main Functions of the conjunctiva

* It helps to protect the eye against foreign objects and microorganisms that may enter the space when the eyelids are open.

* It produces mucus, which lubricates the eye surface and carries away foreign materials from the surface of the eye.

* It has a rich network of blood vessels and is part of the immune system.

Conjunctival Conditions

Several conditions can affect the conjunctiva, some of the common ones are:

Bacterial conjunctivitis (Pink eye): This is a bacterial infection of the conjunctiva, the symptoms include redness, discharge, and irritation.

Allergic conjunctivitis: It occurs when an allergen comes in contact with the eye. Symptoms include redness, itchiness, tearing, and swelling.

Viral conjunctivitis: It is a viral infection that can cause redness, irritation, tearing, and discharge.

Subconjunctival hemorrhage (red eye): It occurs when a small blood vessel in the conjunctiva ruptures, causing a red spot in the white part of the eye.

Pterygium: It is a non-cancerous growth of the conjunctiva that can extend over the cornea. Symptoms include redness, irritation, and blurred vision.

Conjunctivitis is often self-limiting and can resolve with conservative treatment within 2-3 weeks. However, it is advisable to seek medical attention if symptoms are severe, persistent, or associated with eye pain, vision changes, or a weakened immune system.