What Is an Anastomotic Leak?

An anastomotic leak is a complication that can occur after surgery when two parts of the body are connected, or anastomosed. It is a small hole or tear in the anastomosis, which is the surgical connection between two structures. This can lead to leakage of bodily fluids, such as urine, feces, or bile, into the surrounding area, which can cause infection, sepsis, and even death.

Anastomotic leaks can occur in any type of surgery, but they are most common in gastrointestinal surgery, such as bowel resection or gastric bypass. They can also occur in vascular surgery, urological surgery, and gynecological surgery.

The risk of an anastomotic leak depends on a number of factors, including the type of surgery, the patient's overall health, and the experience of the surgeon. Some factors that can increase the risk of an anastomotic leak include:

- Infection

- Poor nutrition

- Smoking

- Diabetes

- Steroid use

- Obesity

Symptoms of an anastomotic leak can include:

- Abdominal pain

- Fever

- Chills

- Nausea

- Vomiting

- Diarrhea

- Constipation

- Difficulty passing gas

- Leakage of bodily fluids from the surgical incision

If you experience any of these symptoms after surgery, it is important to see your doctor immediately. Anastomotic leaks can be a serious complication, and early diagnosis and treatment are essential.

Treatment for an anastomotic leak typically involves antibiotics, intravenous fluids, and pain medication. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the leak.