Why do we use high frequency waves as carrier waves?

High frequency (HF) waves are generally preferred as carrier waves for the following reasons:

Efficient Transmission: HF waves have shorter wavelengths and can be efficiently transmitted through the atmosphere with lower power requirements compared to low frequency waves. Shorter wavelengths allow for smaller and more compact antennas, making them suitable for various applications including mobile communication devices.

Reduced Interference: HF waves experience less interference from natural sources such as lightning and atmospheric noise compared to low frequency waves. This is because higher frequency waves are less prone to attenuation and absorption by atmospheric conditions, reducing interference and ensuring reliable communication.

Higher Bandwidth: HF waves offer a wider bandwidth or information-carrying capacity compared to low frequency waves. This wider bandwidth allows for the transmission of large amounts of data, making them suitable for high-speed communication and data transfer applications such as broadband internet, video streaming, and mobile data services.

Global Coverage: HF waves can propagate over long distances and provide global coverage. They can be easily reflected by the ionosphere, a layer of Earth's atmosphere, enabling long-range communication and signal propagation even over long distances or in remote areas.

Penetration Capabilities: HF waves can penetrate solid objects and obstacles better compared to low frequency waves. This makes them useful for applications such as wireless communication in tunnels, underground mining, and other challenging environments where signal penetration is required.

Due to these advantages, HF waves are widely used as carrier waves in various technologies and communication systems, including radio broadcasting, television, mobile communication networks, satellite communication, and wireless data transmission.