What Are the Treatments for an Allergy to Mosquito Bites?

Mosquitoes are annoying pests that put a damper on outdoor activities. These flying insects also cause concern because of diseases they may transmit to humans, such as malaria or West Nile virus. Mosquito bites lead to various reactions among different people---some have no reaction at all, while most experience an irritating but usually harmless itchy red bump at the site of the bite. For those allergic to mosquito bites, however, these blood-sucking insects present a more serious and potentially life-threatening health risk, according to the American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology.

Allergy Symptoms

• Though rare, mosquito allergies cause such reactions as blistering lesions or larger hives accompanied by fever and joint swelling. "At its worst, a mosquito bite can cause anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by throat swelling, generalized hives, faintness or wheezing," says the American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology. The Mayo Clinic recommends immediate medical attention for anyone who experiences these symptoms following a mosquito bite.

Treating a Mosquito Allergy

• For mild allergic reaction to mosquito bites--such as hives only--use mild soap and water to clean blisters without breaking them, then apply anti-itch cream or topical steroids to alleviate itching. Elevate the affected area and apply ice to reduce swelling and pain. An over-the-counter antihistamine may help relieve mild symptoms, but those who have a history or risk of anaphylaxis should carry auto-injectable epinephrine for use during severe reactions. Consult a physician if the swelling around the bite increases or the area appears infected.

Tips to Avoid Future Mosquito Bites

• Stay indoors during peak mosquito time, usually dusk to dawn, and eliminate standing water near your home, such as bird baths and wading pools. When outdoors, wear light-colored clothing that covers most of the skin and avoid perfumes that might attract mosquitoes. Bug zappers, citronella candles and outdoor bug lights may help control mosquitoes, though their effectiveness is unproven. Use insect repellents containing DEET, but make certain you're not allergic to any of the ingredients. "Before applying to your entire body, use the repellent on a test area of skin to ensure tolerance," advises the American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology. "Use the lowest concentration that is effective for you and reapply as needed."