What Are Bladder Infections?

Bladder infections, also known as cystitis, are bacterial infections of the bladder. They are most common in women, but can also affect men and children. Bladder infections can range in severity from mild to severe, and can cause a range of symptoms, including:

* Frequent urination

* Pain or burning during urination

*Cloudy or foul-smelling urine

*Lower abdominal pain

*Fever and chills

*Nausea and vomiting

Bladder infections are usually treated with antibiotics. In some cases, more severe infections may require hospitalization.

What Causes Bladder Infections?

Bladder infections are most commonly caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and travel to the bladder. This can happen during sexual intercourse, using a contaminated toilet, or having a urinary tract obstruction.

Risk factors for bladder infections include:

* Being a woman: Women have a shorter urethra than men, which makes it easier for bacteria to enter the bladder.

* Sexual activity: Sexual intercourse can introduce bacteria into the urethra.

* Using a contaminated toilet: Using a toilet that has been contaminated with bacteria from someone with a bladder infection can increase your risk of developing an infection.

* Having a urinary tract obstruction: A urinary tract obstruction can prevent urine from draining properly from the bladder, which can allow bacteria to grow and multiply.

* Being pregnant: Pregnant women are more likely to develop bladder infections due to changes in hormone levels and the pressure of the growing uterus on the bladder.

* Diabetes: People with diabetes are more likely to develop bladder infections due to damage to the nerves that control the bladder.

* Weakened immune system: People with weakened immune systems are more likely to develop bladder infections.