Breast Cancer Detection, Screening & Diagnosis: How Doctors Find It
Breast Cancer Detection
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the United States, after skin cancer. One in eight women will develop breast cancer in her lifetime. Early detection is key to successful treatment, so it's important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of breast cancer and to get regular screenings.
Signs and Symptoms of Breast Cancer
The most common sign of breast cancer is a new lump or mass in the breast. Other signs and symptoms can include:
* Skin changes, such as dimpling, puckering, or redness
* Pain or tenderness in the breast
* Swelling in the breast, armpit, or around the collarbone
* Nipple changes, such as discharge, tenderness, or a change in size or shape
* Unusual thickening or hardening of the breast tissue
Risk Factors for Breast Cancer
Some women are at higher risk for developing breast cancer than others. Risk factors include:
* Age: The risk of breast cancer increases with age.
* Family history: Having a close relative (mother, sister, or daughter) who has had breast cancer increases your risk.
* Genetic mutations: Inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase the risk of breast cancer.
* Personal history of breast cancer: Women who have had breast cancer in one breast are at higher risk for developing cancer in the other breast.
* Certain lifestyle factors, such as obesity, alcohol consumption, and smoking, can also increase the risk of breast cancer.
Breast Cancer Screening
Breast cancer screening is recommended for all women starting at age 40. Screening can help detect breast cancer in its early stages, when it is most treatable. The most common screening tests are:
* Mammogram: A mammogram is an X-ray of the breast. It is the most effective screening test for breast cancer.
* Breast ultrasound: A breast ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of the breast. It is often used to further evaluate areas of concern seen on a mammogram.
* Breast MRI: A breast MRI uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to create detailed images of the breast. It is sometimes used to screen women at high risk for breast cancer.
The Importance of Early Detection
Early detection of breast cancer is key to successful treatment. When breast cancer is found and treated in its early stages, the chances of survival are much higher. That's why it's so important to get regular breast cancer screenings starting at age 40. If you have any of the signs or symptoms of breast cancer, don't hesitate to see your doctor right away.