Breast Cancer What Is

Breast cancer is a malignant (cancerous) tumor originating from the cells of the breast. It is the most common cancer among women worldwide, after skin cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer death.

Risk factors for breast cancer include age, family history, genetic mutations, certain lifestyle choices, and exposure to certain substances. However, it's important to note that not all individuals with these risk factors will develop breast cancer, and many cases occur in women with no known risk factors.

Breast cancer can occur in several forms, such as invasive carcinoma, noninvasive carcinoma (in situ), and inflammatory breast cancer. The most common type is invasive ductal carcinoma, starting in the milk ducts and progressing into surrounding breast tissue. Other types include invasive lobular carcinoma, starting in the milk-producing glands (lobules), and Paget's disease, affecting the skin of the nipple.

Symptoms may vary depending on the type and stage of breast cancer. Some common symptoms include:

Breast lumps, thickening, or swelling.

Changes in breast size, shape, or contour.

Skin changes, such as dimpling, puckering, or redness.

Nipple discharge, especially bloody or clear fluid.

Changes in nipple appearance or position.

It is essential to note that not all breast changes indicate cancer. Regular self-breast examinations, mammogram screenings, clinical breast exams, and other diagnostic procedures are crucial for early detection and proper diagnosis of breast cancer.