What are Oncology Nurse Requirements?

Based on data from 1995 to 2006, the American Cancer Society estimated that doctors would diagnose over 1.5 million new cases of cancer in 2010. These and previously diagnosed cancer patients undergo tremendous stress during chemotherapy and radiation treatments. Oncology nurses help patients through this difficult time. These nurses specialize in working with cancer patients and are well equipped to handle the challenges related to oncology.

Initial Education

• According to Degreedirectory.org and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), oncology nurses must begin their careers by obtaining a college degree, such as an associate's degree in nursing (ADN), or a bachelor of science in nursing (BSN). Usually, a candidate needs at least two to four years of coursework. However, some nursing programs are accelerated. During this initial stage, candidates learn basic skills, terms and techniques, and practice using nursing equipment.

Licensure

• Once the candidates have completed the nursing program, they must complete the National Council for Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (also known as the NCLEX-RN). All 50 states require nurses (including those specializing in oncology) to pass the NCLEX before they can practice legally. This test ensures that the nurse has met the educational and skill requirements to treat patients according to state guidelines.

Advanced Education

• Licensed RNs who wish to pursue oncology have to complete a master's degree program that focuses on oncology, since specialization makes them advanced-practice nurses. This degree shows employers and other medical professionals that they have advanced knowledge about working with cancer. Depending on whether the nursing program is normal or accelerated, aspiring oncology nurses may take one to two years to complete a master's degree. Nurses do not need to get the master's degree immediately after obtaining their BSN and license (they may practice for several years as general RNs before deciding to specialize in oncology), but this is the quickest route to getting into the oncology ward.

Certification

• Oncology nurses should become certified in oncology through the Oncology Nursing Certification Corporation or similar institution after receiving their master's degree in oncology nursing. Although this certification technically is not required by any state, the majority of employers want certified nurses, and certification greatly increases the odds of employment and of being taken seriously as a medical professional.

Continuing Education

• Oncology nurses, like other nurses, have to complete continuing education courses in order to keep their nursing certification and license current. These courses teach new methods of dealing with cancer patients and the latest technology and medicines available for cancer treatment. These requirements ensure that oncology nurses stay abreast of any changes in the field and that patients receive state-of-the-art care. The exact number of hours required for continuing education varies depending on the state in which the oncology nurse practices.