What treatment exists for patients with cancer?
Cancer treatment options depend on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Some common cancer treatments include:
Surgery: This is the oldest and most common form of cancer treatment. Surgery can be used to remove the tumor, as well as any surrounding tissue that may be affected by the cancer.
Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy X-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be given externally, using a machine that directs radiation to the affected area, or internally, using radioactive materials that are placed inside the body.
Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be given orally, intravenously (through a vein), or topically (applied directly to the affected area).
Targeted therapy: This treatment uses drugs that target specific proteins or other molecules that are involved in the growth and survival of cancer cells. Targeted therapy can be given orally, intravenously, or topically.
Immunotherapy: This treatment uses the body's own immune system to fight cancer. Immunotherapy can be given orally, intravenously, or topically.
Hormone therapy: This treatment is used to block the effects of hormones that promote the growth of certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer and prostate cancer. Hormone therapy can be given orally, intravenously, or topically.
Stem cell transplant: This treatment involves replacing damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells. Stem cell transplants can be used to treat certain types of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma.
Palliative care: This type of care is focused on relieving the symptoms of cancer and improving the patient's quality of life. Palliative care can be given in conjunction with other cancer treatments, or it can be used as the main form of treatment for patients with advanced cancer.
The choice of cancer treatment depends on a number of factors, including the type and stage of cancer, the patient's age and overall health, and the patient's preferences.