What does CT results mean if they say mild posterior disc bulge L4-L5 and L5-S1 thecal sac impingement?

The CT results indicate that there is a slight protrusion of the soft, gel-like material (nucleus pulposus) in the discs located between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae (L4-L5) and between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the first sacral vertebra (L5-S1). This condition, known as a posterior disc bulge, can put pressure on the thecal sac, which is a protective membrane surrounding the spinal cord. When the thecal sac is impinged, it can potentially affect the function of the spinal cord and the nerve roots that emerge from it.

The severity of the disc bulge and the extent of thecal sac impingement can vary. In some cases, mild bulges may not cause any symptoms or require treatment. However, if the bulge is significant or if there is persistent irritation to the nerve roots or the spinal cord, it can result in pain, numbness, weakness, or other neurological symptoms in the lower back and legs.

It's important to consult with a healthcare provider who can interpret the CT results in the context of your individual situation, evaluate the severity of the disc bulge and thecal sac impingement, and recommend appropriate management strategies. Treatment options may include conservative measures such as pain relievers, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications, or in some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.