What happens when you have a colonoscopy?
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure in which a long, flexible tube with a camera on the end (a colonoscope) is inserted into the rectum and guided through the large intestine (colon) to examine its lining. Here's a general overview of what happens during a colonoscopy:
1. Preparation:
- Several days before the procedure, you may be advised to follow a special diet that restricts certain types of foods and drinks to clean out your colon.
- You will also be prescribed a laxative to take the day before the colonoscopy to clear out your bowels.
- You will be instructed to avoid taking certain medications, especially those that may interfere with blood clotting or increase the risk of bleeding.
2. During the Procedure:
- The colonoscopy is usually performed in an outpatient setting, which means you can go home the same day.
- You will be given a sedative and pain medication to help you relax and reduce discomfort during the procedure.
- The colonoscope will be gently inserted into your rectum and advanced through the colon. The camera on the colonoscope allows the doctor to visualize the inside of your colon and look for any abnormalities, such as polyps or tumors.
- The doctor may use instruments passed through the colonoscope to remove polyps or take tissue samples for biopsy if necessary.
- The colonoscopy typically takes around 30 minutes to an hour to complete.
3. After the Procedure:
- After the colonoscopy, you will be taken to a recovery area where you will be closely monitored as the sedatives wear off.
- You may feel groggy and experience some cramping or abdominal discomfort for a short while.
- It's important to arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure.
- You may need to rest for the rest of the day and avoid strenuous activities.
- You can gradually return to your normal diet and activities over the next day or two.
- Your doctor may provide you with specific instructions and medications based on the findings of the colonoscopy.
It is worth mentioning that colonoscopy is generally considered a safe and effective procedure, but like any medical procedure, there are potential risks, such as bleeding, perforation of the colon, and adverse reactions to sedation. Before undergoing a colonoscopy, your doctor will discuss the potential risks and benefits of the procedure with you.