When are colonoscopies recommended to patients?

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that allows a healthcare provider to examine the inside of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. Colonoscopies are typically recommended to patients when:

- Colorectal cancer screening: For individuals of average risk, the American Cancer Society recommends that screening should start at age 45. Those with an average risk should get a colonoscopy every 10 years, as it can detect and remove pre-cancerous polyps before they have the chance to become cancerous.

- Gastrointestinal symptoms: Colonoscopies may be advised to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms such as:

1. Persistent abdominal pain

2. Rectal bleeding

3. Chronic constipation or diarrhea

4. Changes in bowel movements

5. Unexplained weight loss

6. Iron deficiency anemia (which may be a sign of colon cancer)

- Family history: People with a family history of colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps may need to undergo a colonoscopy at a younger age or with greater frequency to screen for any abnormalities.

- Personal history: Individuals who have a personal history of colon polyps, inflammatory bowel diseases (such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), or certain genetic syndromes (e.g., Lynch syndrome) may need colonoscopies more regularly to monitor for any issues.

It's important to note that the frequency of colonoscopies may vary based on individual circumstances and risk factors. Consulting a healthcare provider is advisable to determine the appropriate screening intervals based on personal medical history and risk profile.