What could an abnormal colonoscopy mean besides cancer?
While an abnormal colonoscopy often raises concerns about cancer, here are some other possible reasons for abnormalities detected during the procedure:
1. Diverticular Disease: Diverticulosis refers to the presence of small pouches or sacs (diverticula) in the colon. They can cause discomfort, inflammation, and bleeding.
2. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): This encompasses conditions such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which cause chronic inflammation and ulceration of the digestive tract, including the colon.
3. Polyps: Polyps are abnormal growths that protrude from the colon's inner lining. While most colon polyps are noncancerous (benign), some may develop into cancer over time.
4. Hemorrhoids: These are swollen and enlarged veins in the lower rectum or anus, which can cause bleeding, pain, and discomfort during bowel movements.
5. Ischemia: Reduced blood flow to the colon (ischemic colitis) can cause damage and inflammation, resulting in abdominal pain, diarrhea, and blood in the stool.
6. Infectious Colitis: Infections like C. difficile colitis can cause inflammation and diarrhea in the colon.
7. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): This condition involves disturbances in the normal function of the colon, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.
8. Fistula: A fistula is an abnormal connection between two organs or tissues, such as between the colon and another nearby organ.
9. Anal Fissures: These are small tears or cracks in the skin around the anus, which can cause pain and bleeding during bowel movements.
10. Strictures: Narrowing of the colon due to scarring or inflammation can cause difficulty with bowel movements and abdominal pain.
If your colonoscopy shows any abnormalities, your doctor will recommend appropriate follow-up steps, which may include additional tests or procedures to determine the exact cause and provide the appropriate treatment. It's essential to discuss any concerns or findings with your healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and management.