What Is Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)?

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a rare autoimmune disease that affects the connective tissues in the body, including the skin, joints, muscles, and internal organs. It is characterized by a combination of symptoms from several other connective tissue diseases, such as lupus, scleroderma, and polymyositis. MCTD is also associated with antibodies against a protein called U1 RNP.

Symptoms of MCTD can vary from person to person and can include:

* Joint pain and swelling

* Muscle weakness

* Skin rashes

* Raynaud's phenomenon (a condition that causes the fingers and toes to turn white, blue, and then red in response to cold temperatures)

* Swelling in the hands and feet

* Fatigue

* Fever

* Weight loss

* Dry eyes and mouth

* Difficulty swallowing

MCTD can also affect the lungs, kidneys, and heart.

The diagnosis of MCTD is based on a person's symptoms, a physical examination, and laboratory tests. There is no cure for MCTD, but treatment can help to manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment may include medications, such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Physical therapy and occupational therapy may also be helpful.