What is polycystitus?

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic condition that causes the growth of multiple cysts in the kidneys. These cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can enlarge over time and interfere with kidney function.

PKD is the most common inherited kidney disease, affecting approximately 1 in 500 people worldwide. It is more common in men than in women, and it typically develops in adulthood.

There are two main types of PKD:

* Autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) is the most common type of PKD, accounting for about 90% of cases. ADPKD is caused by a mutation in the PKD1 or PKD2 gene.

* Autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD) is a less common type of PKD, accounting for about 10% of cases. ARPKD is caused by a mutation in the PKHD1 gene.

Symptoms of PKD

PKD can cause a variety of symptoms, including:

* High blood pressure

* Back pain

* Kidney pain

* Urinary tract infections

* Kidney stones

* Anemia

* Fatigue

* Nausea and vomiting

* Weight loss

Diagnosis of PKD

PKD is diagnosed based on a person's symptoms, family history, and imaging tests. Imaging tests that can be used to diagnose PKD include:

* Ultrasounds

* CT scans

* MRIs

Treatment for PKD

There is no cure for PKD, but treatment can help to slow the progression of the disease and manage symptoms. Treatment options for PKD include:

* Medications to lower blood pressure

* Medications to reduce the risk of kidney stones

* Dietary changes

* Exercise

* Dialysis

* Kidney transplant

Prognosis for PKD

The prognosis for PKD varies depending on the severity of the disease and the individual's overall health. Most people with PKD live full and active lives. However, some people with PKD may eventually develop kidney failure and require dialysis or a kidney transplant.