What synthesized by the liver?
1. Bile: The liver produces bile, a greenish-yellow fluid that aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. Bile is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine when needed.
2. Plasma Proteins: The liver synthesizes various plasma proteins, including albumin, globulins, and coagulation factors. Albumin helps maintain osmotic balance in the bloodstream, while globulins play a role in the immune response. Coagulation factors are essential for blood clotting.
3. Cholesterol: The liver is involved in the synthesis and regulation of cholesterol levels in the body. It produces cholesterol and also removes excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
4. Lipoproteins: Lipoproteins are particles that transport lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides, throughout the body. The liver synthesizes different types of lipoproteins, including very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
5. Ketone Bodies: During periods of fasting or low carbohydrate intake, the liver can synthesize ketone bodies, which are an alternative source of energy for the body. Ketone bodies are produced when fatty acids are broken down in the liver.
6. Glycogen: The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. It synthesizes and stores glucose as glycogen when blood sugar levels are high. When blood sugar drops, the liver can break down glycogen and release glucose into the bloodstream.
7. Vitamins and Minerals: The liver is involved in the storage and metabolism of certain vitamins and minerals, including vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin B12, iron, and copper.
8. Detoxification: The liver is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances, such as alcohol, drugs, and metabolic waste products. It metabolizes these substances and converts them into less toxic forms that can be excreted from the body.
Overall, the liver plays a vital role in synthesizing a wide range of substances that are essential for various physiological processes and maintaining overall health.