What is end of liver failure and what to expect?

End-stage liver failure is a condition in which the liver is unable to perform its essential functions. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

* Cirrhosis: Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver is scarred and damaged. It is often caused by alcohol abuse, hepatitis, or other liver diseases.

* Hepatitis: Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. It can be caused by viruses, alcohol, drugs, or other toxins.

* Biliary atresia: Biliary atresia is a condition in which the bile ducts are blocked. This can lead to liver damage and eventually liver failure.

* Wilson's disease: Wilson's disease is a genetic disorder that causes copper to accumulate in the liver. This can lead to liver damage and eventually liver failure.

* Autoimmune hepatitis: Autoimmune hepatitis is a condition in which the body's immune system attacks the liver. This can lead to liver damage and eventually liver failure.

End-stage liver failure is a serious condition that can lead to death. The symptoms of end-stage liver failure can include:

* Jaundice: Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes. It is caused by a buildup of bilirubin, a waste product that is normally excreted by the liver.

* Ascites: Ascites is a buildup of fluid in the abdomen. It is caused by the liver's inability to produce albumin, a protein that helps to keep fluid in the blood vessels.

* Edema: Edema is a buildup of fluid in the legs, ankles, and feet. It is caused by the liver's inability to produce albumin.

* Hepatic encephalopathy: Hepatic encephalopathy is a condition in which the brain is affected by liver failure. It can cause confusion, disorientation, and coma.

* Kidney failure: Kidney failure is a condition in which the kidneys are unable to filter waste products from the blood. It is often caused by end-stage liver failure.

* Bleeding disorders: Bleeding disorders are a common complication of end-stage liver failure. They are caused by the liver's inability to produce clotting factors, which are proteins that help to stop bleeding.

End-stage liver failure is a life-threatening condition. Treatment options include:

* Liver transplant: A liver transplant is a surgical procedure in which a healthy liver is transplanted into the body of a person with end-stage liver failure.

* Medical management: Medical management can help to improve the symptoms of end-stage liver failure and prevent complications. Treatments may include:

* Medications to control bleeding and prevent infections

* Dialysis to remove waste products from the blood

* Nutritional support

* Palliative care: Palliative care is a type of medical care that focuses on comfort and quality of life for people with serious or life-threatening illnesses.

The prognosis for end-stage liver failure is poor. The average survival time after diagnosis is 1-2 years. However, with early diagnosis and treatment, some people may live longer.