Radon Mitigation Options

Radon mitigation options depend upon the source and amount of radiation, the building construction and the balance between cost and higher utility bills.

Mitigation action is urged by the EPA when radon levels in a home or other building reach four picoCuries per liter (4 pCi/L). If the level is over 2 pCi/L remedial action is suggested, as is frequent monitoring. The EPA provides information about radon emissions throughout the United States.

Sources

• Stirring water releases radon into the air.

  All soil contains radon, the byproduct of decaying uranium. The radon gas is sucked into a house because of the higher pressure in the ground vs. the lower pressure in the house. Therefore, the first line of defense should be the lowest area that is inhabited.

  Well water is another source. Stomach cancer has been linked to ingestion of radon, so mitigation should start at the well. Lung cancer has been linked to breathing the the release of radon into the air from contaminated tap water. A whole-house filter is needed here.

Mitigation

• A handy tool, the caulking gun

  Mitigation should begin before building a house by using a soil suction system to vent toxic gas away from the foundation. For an existing house, focus mitigation efforts at the lowest inhabited level. Seal all the known entrances for radon: cracks in the foundation and construction joints, gaps where pipes enter the house, and poorly fitted doors and windows.

Follow Up

• Beautiful but dangerous

  Reduce radon in the rooms most occupied first. A person sitting in the room would be inhaling the air about 3 feet off the floor. Take tests at this level until the desired concentration is reached.

  Limit the use of natural stone, slate or granite products: fireplaces, kitchen counters, flooring. Scientists are still debating the danger of these products, so it is best to use them in moderation.

  The obvious option is simply to open the windows and let the air flow solve the problem. The dilemma: on the one hand, a house is sealed to reduce energy costs, while on the other hand sealing the house is increasing the amount of radon exposure. (see Resources)

Summary

• Health vs. cost

  After completing mitigation efforts, if the levels in the house are still 2 pCi/L or more, it is wise to consult a professional. The EPA publishes a list of companies who can test and fix your home. If a company doesn't require a radon test before giving you a quote, go elsewhere.

  Radon emissions can be controlled; the methods depend on the homeowners' tolerance of health risk vs. financial resources.