How Tagrisso Works for Lung Cancer

Tagrisso (osimertinib) is a targeted therapy used to treat certain types of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It works by blocking the activity of a protein called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells.

Tagrisso is specifically effective against tumors that have a specific mutation in the EGFR gene. This mutation is known as the T790M mutation, and it is found in about 50% of patients who develop resistance to other EGFR-targeted therapies, such as erlotinib (Tarceva) or gefitinib (Iressa).

Here's how Tagrisso works:

1. Binds to EGFR: Tagrisso binds to the EGFR protein on the surface of cancer cells.

2. Blocks EGFR signaling: By binding to EGFR, Tagrisso blocks the signaling pathways that are responsible for promoting cancer cell growth and division.

3. Inhibits tumor growth: By blocking EGFR signaling, Tagrisso inhibits the growth and spread of cancer cells.

4. Induces apoptosis: Tagrisso can also induce apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells.

Tagrisso is typically taken once a day in the form of a tablet. It is usually well-tolerated, with common side effects including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, rash, and dry skin.

Tagrisso has shown promising results in clinical trials for the treatment of advanced NSCLC with the T790M mutation. It has been shown to be effective in both first-line and second-line treatment settings, and it can significantly improve progression-free survival and overall survival.

However, it's important to note that Tagrisso is not a cure for lung cancer. It can help to control the disease and improve symptoms, but it does not eliminate the cancer completely.