What causes collapsed lung?

A collapsed lung, also known as pneumothorax, occurs when air or gas enters the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. Several factors can lead to a collapsed lung:

1. Trauma: A collapsed lung can result from a penetrating chest injury, such as a stab wound or gunshot wound, or from blunt force trauma to the chest, such as in a car accident or a fall.

2. Lung Disease: Certain lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and cystic fibrosis, can weaken the lung tissue, making it more susceptible to collapse.

3. Medical Procedures: Some medical procedures, such as lung biopsy, thoracentesis (removal of fluid from the pleural space), or mechanical ventilation, can inadvertently cause a pneumothorax.

4. Spontaneous Pneumothorax: In some cases, a collapsed lung can occur without any obvious cause, known as spontaneous pneumothorax. This is more common in tall, thin individuals and those with a family history of the condition.

5. Other Causes: Rarely, a collapsed lung can be caused by tumors or other abnormalities in the chest, such as a large bulla (air pocket) that ruptures.

It's important to seek prompt medical attention if you experience sudden chest pain, shortness of breath, or other respiratory symptoms, as a collapsed lung can be a serious medical condition requiring treatment.