Signs & Symptoms of Indolent Lymphoma

Lymphoma attacks immune cells called lymphocytes. It is also referred to as non-Hodgkins lymphoma and comes in two forms: aggressive and indolent. Aggressive lymphomas are fast-growing and considered high-grade. Indolent lymphomas are slow-growing and considered low-grade. Indolent lymphomas have symptoms similar to aggressive lymphomas, although it may take longer for symptoms to appear.

Initial Signs and Symptoms

• The first symptom is usually enlarged lymph nodes under the arms, in the neck and the groin. There may also be enlarged nodes in the chest, which can cause shortness of breath and cough. Enlarged lymph nodes in the abdomen can press against the abdominal organs causing loss of appetite, abdominal pain and constipation. Enlarged nodes in the groin can block proper lymph flow and cause swelling in the legs. There may also be swelling in the face and abdomen.

Later Signs and Symptoms

• As the disease progresses the lymphoma cells can infiltrate other areas of the body. If the cells infiltrate the skin it can lead to thickening, darkened areas and itching. As it spreads throughout the body it can cause fever, night sweats and unexplained weight loss (more than 10 percent body weight within six months). If the lymphoma destroys bone marrow it can cause anemia. If the cells invade the intestines it can cause bloating, diarrhea and cramping. It can also interfere with nutrient absorption.

Diagnostic Signs

• A standard blood test may reveal blood abnormalities such as low red blood cells, low white cells or low platelets. X-rays, CAT scans and PET scans may reveal the presence of lymphoma tumors. Bone marrow biopsies may reveal lymphoma in the marrow and a lumbar puncture can determine if the disease has spread to the spinal column.