What is Ependymoma: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

## Ependymoma: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Ependymomas are tumors that form in the ependymal cells. These cells line the ventricles of the brain, which are fluid-filled cavities. Ependymomas can occur in any part of the brain or spinal cord, but they are most commonly found in the ventricles of the brain or cerebellum (the part of the brain responsible for movement and coordination).

Symptoms

The symptoms of ependymoma can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor. Some common symptoms include:

- Headaches

- Seizures

- Nausea

- Vomiting

- Vision problems

- Balance problems

- Speech problems

- Weakness in the arms or legs

- Numbness or tingling in the arms or legs

- Difficulty with swallowing

- Memory loss

- Changes in personality

Causes

The cause of ependymomas is not fully understood, but some risk factors include:

- Age: Ependymomas are most common in children and adults under 40.

- Gender: Males are twice as likely to develop ependymomas as females.

- Radiation therapy: People who have received radiation therapy to the brain or spinal cord are at an increased risk of developing ependymoma.

- Genetics: Some people inherit a genetic mutation that increases the risk of developing ependymomas.

Treatment

The treatment for ependymoma depends on several factors, including the location and size of the tumor. Common treatments include:

- Surgery: The most common treatment for ependymoma is surgery to remove the tumor.

- Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used before surgery (to shrink the tumor) or after surgery (to kill any remaining tumor cells).

- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy may be used to treat ependymomas that have spread to other parts of the body.

The prognosis for ependymomas is variable. The overall 5-year survival rate for ependymomas is about 65%. However, the prognosis depends on several factors, including the location and size of the tumor, the age of the patient, and the stage of the cancer.