What causes thickening of a lymph nodes cortex?
Infection: Lymph nodes play a crucial role in the body's immune response to infections. When an infection occurs, the number of B cells and T cells in the lymph node cortex increases significantly to combat the invading pathogens. This proliferation leads to the thickening of the cortex.
Immune Response: The lymph node cortex is the site where T cells and B cells are activated and differentiate into effector cells upon encountering antigens. In response to the presence of antigens, there is an influx of these immune cells into the cortex, causing its enlargement.
Chronic Inflammation: Chronic inflammatory conditions, such as autoimmune diseases or chronic infections, can also result in the thickening of the lymph node cortex. The persistent inflammation leads to the continuous activation and proliferation of immune cells, contributing to the expansion of the cortex.
Lymphoma: In cases of lymphoma, a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, the lymph nodes may become enlarged due to the abnormal proliferation of neoplastic lymphoid cells. This uncontrolled growth can cause the cortex to thicken significantly.
It's important to note that the thickening of the lymph node cortex alone does not necessarily indicate a pathological condition. Reactive hyperplasia, where the lymph node cortex thickens in response to various stimuli, should be distinguished from neoplastic proliferation associated with lymphoma. A thorough medical evaluation, including diagnostic tests and imaging, is necessary to determine the underlying cause of lymph node enlargement and appropriate treatment.