Why does the axillary area swell when lymph nodes have been removed?

When lymph nodes have been removed from the axillary area (armpit), swelling can occur due to a condition called lymphedema. Lymphedema is a buildup of lymph fluid in the tissues, which can cause swelling, discomfort, and difficulty moving the affected arm.

Normally, lymph nodes help filter and drain lymph fluid from the affected area. When lymph nodes are removed, the normal drainage of lymph fluid is disrupted, leading to its accumulation and causing swelling. Other factors that can contribute to lymphedema after lymph node removal include:

- Scar tissue formation: The removal of lymph nodes can lead to scar tissue formation, which can obstruct the lymphatic channels and impair lymph drainage.

- Radiation therapy: If radiation therapy is used as part of the treatment, it can damage the lymphatic vessels and further contribute to lymphedema.

- Infection: Infection in the affected area can worsen lymphedema by increasing inflammation and fluid buildup.

It's important to manage lymphedema properly to prevent complications and discomfort. This may involve physical therapy, compression garments, massage, and elevation of the affected arm. Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing lymphedema effectively.