How to Test for Rectal Cancer

Rectal cancer, also referred to as rectal carcinoma, is a cancer characterized by abnormal uncontrolled multiplication of the cells lining the rectum (the last part of the large intestine). In most cases rectal cancer develops along with colon cancer and is called colorectal cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, close to 40,000 new cases of the cancer are diagnosed annually in the United States, of which nearly 5000 succumb to the disease. Unfortunately no complete cure has yet been developed; however, early diagnosis and proper administration of the treatment available helps to increase survival rates.

Instructions

Testing

• 1

  According to the United States Preventive Services Task Force, getting a colonoscopy once in every five years is one of the best methods to diagnose colon and rectal cancer. Colonoscopy is a diagnostic method that examines the inner linings of colon and the rectum for any polyps (swelling of the inner tissues) with the help of a colonoscope (a thin tube-like instrument attached with a lens and light source for viewing). The colonoscope is sent through the entire length of the intestine by inserting it through the rectum. If any polyps are detected, biopsies are sent to labs for further testing for malignant cells.

• 2

  Protoscopy can also be used to test for rectal cancer. In a protoscopy, your doctor examines your rectal and colon regions under a microscope to detect polyps or abnormal tissues.

• 3

  Digital rectal exam (DRE) is another common diagnostic method for rectal cancer. A doctor or a nurse inserts a gloved and lubricated finger into the lower part of your rectum to feel any lumps or any other unusual swellings. In women, the vagina may also be examined by the doctor for similar swellings.

• 4

  Undergoing an X-ray of the large intestine is another common method to diagnose and test for rectal cancer since an X-ray can reveal polyps or lumps in the rectal region.

• 5

  Schedule a complete physical examination to check for general signs of health, including signs of rectal cancer such as lumps or any other inflammation near the rectal region.