What does it mean when uterine cancer is aggressive?
High-grade: This refers to the histological appearance of the cancer cells. High-grade tumors exhibit significant deviations from normal cells, with increased disorganization, abnormal cell shapes, and a high mitotic count (rapid cell division). These features indicate a higher risk of rapid growth and invasion.
Invasive: Uterine cancer is considered invasive when it has grown beyond the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium) into the underlying myometrium (muscular layer) or surrounding structures. Invasive cancer has a higher potential to spread locally and distantly, making it more aggressive.
Advanced stage: Staging in uterine cancer is determined by the extent of tumor growth and spread. Advanced-stage uterine cancer refers to tumors that have progressed beyond the uterus, involving adjacent organs or spreading to regional lymph nodes or distant sites (such as the lungs or liver). Advanced-stage cancer is typically more aggressive and requires more intensive treatment.
Recurrence: Uterine cancer is considered aggressive when it recurs after initial treatment. Recurrent tumors may be more challenging to treat and have a poorer prognosis.
Resistance to treatment: Aggressive uterine cancers may exhibit resistance to standard treatment approaches, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. This can occur due to the overexpression of certain proteins or genetic mutations that enable cancer cells to evade or withstand the effects of treatment.
It's important to note that the aggressiveness of uterine cancer can vary among individuals, and not all tumors with the above characteristics will necessarily exhibit the same level of aggressive behavior. The appropriate management of aggressive uterine cancer typically involves a multidisciplinary approach, including experienced gynecologic oncologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, and other healthcare professionals, to optimize treatment outcomes and provide the best care possible.