What is primary peritoneal cancer?

Primary peritoneal cancer (PPC) is a rare cancer that starts in the peritoneum, the thin layer of tissue that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It is different from ovarian cancer, although it is often mistaken for ovarian cancer because it can cause similar symptoms and the two types of cancer can look alike under a microscope.

Unlike other types of cancer that start in the gastrointestinal tract or female reproductive organs, PPC begins in the peritoneum itself. Although it is most commonly found in women, it can also occur in men.

PPC is a rare cancer, accounting for less than 1% of all cancer cases in the United States. It is most commonly found in women between the ages of 40 and 60, but it can also occur in younger women.

The exact cause of PPC is unknown, but there are a number of risk factors that have been identified, including:

* A history of asbestos exposure: Asbestos is a known carcinogen that can cause a number of different types of cancer, including PPC.

* Lynch syndrome: This is a genetic disorder that increases the risk of developing a number of different types of cancer, including PPC.

* Endometriosis: This is a condition in which tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside of the uterus. Women with endometriosis have a slightly higher risk of developing PPC.

* Previous pelvic radiation therapy: Women who have undergone pelvic radiation therapy for other cancers have a higher risk of developing PPC.

The symptoms of PPC can be similar to those of other abdominal cancers, such as:

* Bloating

* Abdominal pain

* Pelvic pain

* Constipation

* Diarrhea

* Weight loss

* Fatigue

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see your doctor for a diagnosis.

PPC is diagnosed through a combination of tests, including:

* Physical exam

* Blood tests

* Imaging tests, such as CT scans and MRIs

* Biopsy

Treatment for PPC typically involves surgery to remove the tumor. In some cases, chemotherapy and radiation therapy may also be used.

The outlook for PPC depends on the stage of the cancer at the time of diagnosis and the patient's overall health. The earlier the cancer is diagnosed and treated, the better the outlook.