Prostate Cancer Radiation Seeds Vs. External Beam

Radioactive seed implants (brachytherapy) and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) are frequently used to treat prostate cancer. Deciding what treatment is most appropriate depends on your age, severity of the cancer, and weighing the benefits and the possible side effects.

Brachytherapy

• Brachytherapy requires insertion of radioactive seeds (tiny metal pellets) into the prostate. Release of radiation from the seeds kill the prostate cancer cells. Over time, the radioactive seeds degrade, but do not need to be removed.

Brachytherapy Side Effects

• Some men develop erectile dysfunction as a result of the implanted seeds; urinary problems are common, and almost all patients experience frequent and painful urination that may require medication. These symptoms are more severe and last longer than EBRT, but rectal problems are normally less severe than EBRT.

External Beam Radiation Therapy

• EBRT uses high-powered x-rays to target mapped-out prostate cancer cells. Precision ensures that surrounding tissue is unharmed.

EBRT Side Effects

• Short term side effects include urinary problems, such as the urgency to urinate and frequent urination; and rectal issues, such as loose stools and discomfort during bowel movements. Some men may develop sexual problems later in life as a result of EBRT.

Considerations

• The Prostate Cancer Foundation advises choosing a radiation oncologist with broad experience with an assortment of treatment approaches who can objectively help to decide on the best course of treatment.