What to Know About Potassium Iodide for Nuclear Radiation Emergencies

What is potassium iodide?

Potassium iodide (KI) is a medication that contains iodine. It is used to protect the thyroid gland from damage caused by radioactive iodine. Radioactive iodine can be released into the environment during a nuclear accident or attack.

How does potassium iodide work?

When KI is taken, it quickly enters the bloodstream and is absorbed by the thyroid gland. The iodine in KI blocks the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland. This helps to protect the thyroid gland from damage.

When should potassium iodide be taken?

Potassium iodide should be taken only when there is a risk of exposure to radioactive iodine. The decision to take KI should be made by public health officials.

In a nuclear emergency, KI should be taken as soon as possible after the exposure. If KI is not taken within a few hours of the exposure, it may not be effective.

What is the dose of potassium iodide?

The dose of KI depends on the age of the person. The recommended doses are as follows:

* Adults and children over 12 years of age: 130 mg

* Children 3-12 years of age: 65 mg

* Children 1 month-3 years of age: 32 mg

* Infants less than 1 month of age: 16 mg

How long should potassium iodide be taken?

Potassium iodide should be taken for 24-48 hours after the exposure to radioactive iodine.

What are the side effects of potassium iodide?

KI can cause side effects, such as:

* Nausea

* Vomiting

* Diarrhea

* Rash

* Metallic taste in the mouth

These side effects are usually mild and go away after a few days.

Who should not take potassium iodide?

Potassium iodide should not be taken by people who have:

* A history of an allergic reaction to iodine

* Thyroid problems

* A medical condition that is made worse by high levels of iodine

Where can I get potassium iodide?

Potassium iodide is available from most pharmacies. It can also be ordered online.

How should I store potassium iodide?

Potassium iodide should be stored in a cool, dry place. It should be kept out of reach of children.

What should I do if I have an accidental overdose of potassium iodide?

If you accidentally take an overdose of KI, call the poison control center immediately.