How are gamma rays formed?

Gamma rays are high-energy photons that are produced by the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.

The process of gamma emission occurs when an excited nucleus loses energy by emitting a gamma photon. This can happen when a nucleus is in an excited state, such as after it has undergone beta decay or electron capture. In these cases, the nucleus is left in an unstable state with excess energy, which it can release by emitting a gamma ray.

Gamma rays can also be produced by other nuclear reactions, such as nuclear fission and fusion. In nuclear fission, the nuclei of heavy atoms, such as uranium and plutonium, are split into smaller nuclei, releasing a great amount of energy in the process. This energy is released in the form of gamma rays, as well as other types of radiation. In nuclear fusion, the nuclei of light atoms, such as hydrogen and helium, are combined to form heavier nuclei, also releasing a great amount of energy in the process. This energy is also released in the form of gamma rays, as well as other types of radiation.