How are x rays harmful?

X-rays are a form of ionizing radiation, which can cause damage to living tissue. The main risks of x-ray exposure are:

- Acute radiation syndrome: If someone is exposed to a very high dose of x-rays in a short period of time, they can develop acute radiation syndrome. This condition can cause a range of symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can be fatal.

- Cancer: X-rays can damage the DNA in cells, which can lead to cancer. The risk of cancer from x-ray exposure is cumulative, meaning that the more x-rays someone has, the higher their risk. Some of the types of cancer that have been linked to x-ray exposure include leukemia, breast cancer, lung cancer, and skin cancer.

- Other health problems: X-ray exposure can also lead to other health problems, such as cataracts, infertility, and birth defects.

The risk of x-ray exposure depends on a number of factors, including the dose of radiation, the length of time the person is exposed, and the part of the body that is exposed. Children are more vulnerable to the effects of x-rays than adults, because their cells are still developing.

X-rays are an essential tool for diagnosing and treating medical conditions, but it is important to use them only when necessary and to take steps to minimize exposure.