How do radiation burns occur?

Radiation burns, also known as radiation dermatitis, occur when the skin is exposed to high levels of ionizing radiation. This type of radiation can come from a variety of sources, including:

* X-rays and gamma rays used in medical imaging and radiation therapy

* Radioactive materials used in industrial and medical settings

* Nuclear accidents and explosions

Radiation burns can also occur as a result of prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. UV radiation is non-ionizing, but it can still damage the skin and lead to sunburn, which is a type of radiation burn.

The severity of a radiation burn depends on a number of factors, including:

* The amount of radiation absorbed by the skin

* The type of radiation

* The duration of exposure

* The individual's skin type

Radiation burns can range from mild to severe. Mild radiation burns may cause:

* Redness

* Swelling

* Pain

* Itching

* Dryness

* Peeling

More severe radiation burns can cause:

* Blistering

* Ulceration

* Infection

* Tissue necrosis

* Amputation

Radiation burns can also lead to long-term complications, such as:

* Skin cancer

* Scarring

* Changes in skin color

* Loss of hair

* Cataracts

Treatment for radiation burns depends on the severity of the burn. Mild radiation burns may be treated with:

* Cold compresses

* Aloe vera gel

* Over-the-counter pain relievers

More severe radiation burns may require:

* Hospitalization

* IV fluids

* Antibiotics

* Surgery

* Skin grafts

Radiation burns can be a serious health problem, but they can often be prevented by taking steps to protect yourself from exposure to ionizing radiation and UV radiation.