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Poorly Defined Squamous Cell Carcinoma

For patients, families and physicians, few words bring as much dread as the term "cancer." Thankfully, however, ongoing research and advancements in treatment for cancers of all types continues. Carcinoma is a cancer that starts in cells covering or lining an organ, such as the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma, the second most common type of skin cancer, is highly treatable and the prognosis or projected outcome is quite favorable if caught early.

  1. Skin Cancer/Carcinoma

    • There are three types of skin cancer---basal cell, squamous cell and melanoma. According to Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) at cancercenter.com, basal cell accounts for 90 percent of all skin cancers and rarely spreads or metastasizes. Squamous cell does spread more often than basal cell but rarely and is much less aggressive than the most serious of the three, which is melanoma. Poorly defined squamous cell is a tumor with margins that are not sharp or clear.

    Causes

    • Ultraviolet radiation found in sunlight seems to be the major cause. The region where you live may factor in, as well. For instance, CTCA reports more skin cancer in South Africa and Australia than elsewhere, presumably due to increased sun effects. However, squamous cell cancer may also occur in areas of the skins where there have been burns, scars or non-healing sores. Chronic skin conditions and certain chemical exposures might also increase risk for developing squamous cell carcinoma.

    Symptoms

    • MayoClinic.com recommends you see your doctor if you notice any changes in the color or texture of a mole or have a sore that does not heal within two weeks. Other signs include patches of skin that feel scaly, bleed easily or develop a crust. Your physician can determine if the area of concern warrants further study through biopsy. She can also supply you with detailed information regarding warning signs to watch for.

    Treatment

    • According to CTCA, surgical options for skin cancer depend upon location, size and type, varying from simple excision to excision enhanced with laser. Mohs surgery may work best for tumors with poorly defined margins. During this procedure, the surgeon--with the help of a microscope--removes the skin growth one layer at a time until no abnormal cells remain. If surgery is not an option, radiation therapy or topical chemotherapy (anti-cancer drug applied directly to the skin) may also be considered.

    Warning

    • Squamous cell carcinoma can be metastatic and/or recurrent. For this reason, the U.S. National Institute of Health at cancer.gov recommends follow-up visits every three months for several years and then every six months indefinitely. However, patients should see their physician for any worrisome sign or symptom, regardless of how much time has passed between examinations. The most recommended forms of prevention continue to be consistent use of broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 15 or higher) and avoiding long-term sun exposure.

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