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What Are the Dangers of Melanoma Skin Cancer?

About 8,400 people die every year from melanoma skin cancer, the American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates. While very serious, melanoma is treatable when detected early.

  1. What Is Melanoma

    • Melanoma is a cancer of the melanoctyes cells, which are found in the bottom layer of the skin's epidermis and produce the pigment melanin.

    Causes

    • Though all the causes are not known, scientists believe that sun exposure, a weakened immune system and smoking can contribute the disease. Family history, age and a person's skin complexion also play a role.

    Prevention

    • The easiest way to prevent melanoma is by limiting direct exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. Wear sun screen, protective clothing and hats.

    Early Detection

    • Do your own self-examination. If you find an unusual mole or changing mole, let your doctor know. Also know your family's history with the disease.

    Cures

    • If your doctor finds melanoma, the first step is to surgically remove the cancerous cells and the surrounding tissue. If the cancer is confined to a finger or toe, that digit might be amputated. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy are all also used to cure melanoma.

    Survival rate

    • There are about 62,500 new cases of melanoma in the U.S. each year, according to the ACS. About 13 percent of those cases will be fatal.

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