How does stomach cancer affect other body systems?

Stomach cancer can affect other body systems in several ways:

1. Lymphatic System: Stomach cancer can spread to nearby lymph nodes and obstruct the lymphatic drainage, leading to swelling and fluid accumulation in the abdomen (ascites) or around the lungs (pleural effusion).

2. Digestive System: Stomach cancer can invade nearby organs such as the esophagus, duodenum (the first part of the small intestine), pancreas, and colon. This invasion can obstruct the passage of food, cause pain, and lead to bleeding and perforation.

3. Respiratory System: In advanced stages, stomach cancer can spread to the lungs through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, causing shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain.

4. Liver: Stomach cancer can metastasize to the liver, impairing its function, leading to jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, light-colored stools, nausea, and vomiting.

5. Peritoneum: The peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity, can be affected by stomach cancer, leading to peritoneal carcinomatosis. This condition causes widespread inflammation, fluid accumulation, and abdominal pain.

6. Blood System: In advanced cases, stomach cancer can cause anemia due to chronic blood loss or impaired nutrient absorption.

7. Bone Marrow: Stomach cancer can metastasize to the bone marrow, disrupting the production of blood cells and causing symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, bleeding, and increased risk of infections.

8. Neurological System: Rarely, stomach cancer can spread to the brain or spinal cord, causing neurological symptoms such as seizures, headaches, visual disturbances, or weakness in the limbs.

Overall, stomach cancer's effects on other body systems can vary depending on the stage and the location of the tumor. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent or minimize these systemic complications.