What is the best test for thyroid cancer?

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: This is the most common test used to diagnose thyroid cancer. It involves using a thin needle to remove a small sample of cells from the thyroid nodule for examination under a microscope.

Ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to create images of the thyroid gland and can help determine the size, location, and characteristics of thyroid nodules.

Thyroid function tests: These blood tests measure the levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to assess the function of the thyroid gland.

Radioactive iodine uptake scan: This imaging test uses a small amount of radioactive iodine to assess the function and structure of the thyroid gland and can help identify thyroid nodules that are more likely to be cancerous.

Biopsy: If the results of the FNA biopsy are inconclusive or suggestive of cancer, a more extensive biopsy may be recommended, such as a core needle biopsy or surgical biopsy, to obtain a larger sample of tissue for examination.

Genetic testing: In some cases, genetic testing may be recommended to identify specific gene mutations associated with thyroid cancer, particularly in cases of familial thyroid cancer or certain types of thyroid cancer.