What are the nursing responsibilities in giving Mefenamic Acid?

Mefenamic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to relieve pain, inflammation, and fever. It is typically used to treat conditions such as arthritis, menstrual pain, and headaches. Here are the nursing responsibilities in giving mefenamic acid (Ponstel®) to manage pain:

1. Assess the patient's pain level and characteristics, noting the intensity, location, and associated factors.

Obtain vital signs and document baseline pain intensity using a validated pain scale before initiating treatment.

2. Verify the prescribed dose, frequency, and route of administration.

- Check the medication order for accuracy, including the patient's name, medication name, dose, frequency, route, and any special instructions.

3. Educate the patient about mefenamic acid and its potential side effects.

- Inform the patient about the risks associated with NSAIDs, such as gastrointestinal irritation, bleeding, and renal impairment.

- Alert the patient to potential adverse reactions, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and dizziness.

4. Ensure the patient understands how, when, and when not to take the medication.

- Counsel the patient to follow the prescribed regimen, take the medication with meals or snacks to reduce gastrointestinal upset, and avoid taking it with alcohol or other medications that may increase the risk of bleeding.

5. Assess the patient's current medication list for potential interactions with mefenamic acid.

- Monitor for potential drug interactions, such as with anticoagulants, corticosteroids, or other NSAIDs.

6. Administer mefenamic acid according to the prescribed dosage and frequency.

- Administer mefenamic acid tablets orally with a full glass of water.

- Ensure that the patient comprehends and adheres to the prescribed dosage and schedule.

7. Monitor for therapeutic effects and adverse reactions.

- Regularly assess the patient's pain level, relief, and any improvement in symptoms.

- Watch for signs and symptoms of adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, drowsiness, or dizziness.

8. Monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding.

- Monitor the patient for symptoms such as abdominal pain, heartburn, black or tarry stools, or melena.

- Encourage the patient to report any gastrointestinal symptoms promptly.

9. Assess for renal function and hydration status.

- Monitor fluid intake and output, especially if the patient has a history of renal impairment.

- Observe for signs of dehydration, such as decreased urine output, thirst, or dry mucous membranes.

10. Educate the patient about lifestyle modifications to manage their pain.

- Encourage the patient to engage in regular physical activity and practice relaxation techniques.

- Promote the use of non-pharmacological pain management strategies, such as heat/cold application or massage.

11. Document all nursing interventions, patient responses, and medication administration.

Maintain accurate records of the patient's pain assessment, medication administration, and any adverse reactions observed. Include patient education provided.

12. Report and seek prompt intervention for any unexpected or severe adverse effects.

Inform the healthcare provider or pharmacist of any significant changes in the patient's condition or any adverse reactions that require medical attention.

By adhering to these nursing responsibilities, nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the safe and effective use of mefenamic acid in managing pain in patients while promoting patient safety and advocating for optimal pain relief.