ADHD in Small Children

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that can impact a child's relationships, development and learning. ADHD is commonly diagnosed in childhood and is usually recognized when children enter school due to how the symptoms interfere with the teacher's ability to work with the child. Early identification of ADHD in a small child is helpful to provide intervention that can prevent significant problems later in adolescence or adulthood.

Attention Deficits

• Recognizing inattentiveness in small children may include observations that the child has difficulties listening, following directions and paying attention. These children seem to have a mind of their own and may appear distracted, disinterested or perceived as defiant by parents and teachers.

Impulsive Behavior

• Acting without thinking, intruding upon others, grabbing toys from peers and quick emotional reactivity are all signs of ADHD in small children. These children may need frequent discipline for fighting with other children or disrupting group settings.

Hyperactivity

• Jumping, climbing and running at inappropriate times are symptoms of hyperactivity in small children. These children may move to and from activities without finishing what they started and may be unable to sit still when expected.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosing ADHD in small children can be done by a health professional. Typically, symptoms are identified before the age of 7. Impairment in functioning is usually recognized when children enter school settings.

Treatment

• Treating small children with ADHD can combine behavioral methods or medications. Behavioral interventions would include sticker charts for desired behavior, use of visual cues over verbal cues and relaxation exercises. Pharmacological intervention may include the use of mild antidepressant or stimulant medication.