Perennial Rye Grass Allergies

Perennial rye grass (Lolium perenne) is a major allergen that grows worldwide, though it originated in North America and most likely disseminated as the result of human activity. It is one of the biggest seasonal pollen producers, with pollination taking place from spring to fall, depending on elevation and latitude. Allergic reactions can range from light to severe.

Common Allergies

• Due to their small size, perennial rye grass pollen particles are able to make their way easily into nasal passages. For millions of individuals with allergen-sensitive immune systems, these foreign agents land on the mucous membranes in the nose and trigger a histamine reaction. Histamine causes tiny blood vessels to dilate, instigating nasal congestion and excess fluid, a condition called allergic rhinitis, or hay fever. Hay fever symptoms include sneezing, stuffy or runny nose, and itchy, watery eyes.

Severe Allergies

• Allergy sufferers can experience more debilitating symptoms. Perennial rye grass allergens may instigate rhino conjunctivitis, a histamine reaction that includes itching, watery discharge, burning, redness and swelling of the eyelids. Asthma-like symptoms, such as wheezing and labored breathing, may also manifest, and allergy sufferers with asthma may find that their condition worsens during the rye grass pollinating season. Rye grass pollen also has the potential to aggravate facial eczema, resulting in a flushed appearance, as well as rashes or welts on the skin.

Treatment for Rye Grass Allergies

• Eye drops can help alleviate redness and swelling caused by allergens.

  Many treatments are available to help alleviate rye grass allergy symptoms. Antihistamines help block histamine reactions, reducing runny nose, sneezing and itchiness, and cromolyn sodium, a nasal spray, can also help limit the body's reaction to allergens. Other treatments include decongestants, nasal steroids and, for rhino conjunctivitis sufferers, prescription eye drops. Individuals with severe allergies can also see their doctor about annual allergy shots, which expose the immune system to small amounts of allergens prior to allergy season.

Exposure

• Perennial rye grass pollen particles are tiny and can travel vast distances on wind gusts, though allergy sufferers often experience a range in severity based on their proximity to grasslands. The particles are also small enough to filter through spaces between doors and windows, and can make their way indoors via pets or clothing. Take showers after spending long periods of time outdoors to reduce the amount of pollen in the house, or try to go out during times when the rye grass pollen count is lower, usually later in the afternoon.